CLASS -IX GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER-1 (INDIA-SIZE AND LOCATION)

CHAPTER 01 India - Size and Location Main Facts :- 1. Location – Entirely lies in Northern Hemisphere. 2. Latitudinal extent -804’ N and 360 7’N . 3. Longitudinal extent – 680 7’E and 97025’E . 4. Southern most point –Indira point. 5. Land frontier -15200 km . 6. Coast line -7516.6 km . 7. Total geographical area -3.28 million sq km . 8. %age of total world area – 2.4% . 9. Position in the world according to size –India is 7th largest large country after Russia ,Canada ,USA ,China ,Brazil ,Australia . 10. North to south distance -3214 km . 11. East to west distance -2933 km . 12. Tropic of cancer -23030’N . 13. Standard meridian -82030’. 14. Indian main land –It refers to the country stretch of land mass from Jammu &Kashmir to Kannyakumari and from Gujarat to Arunachal Pradesh . 15. INDIAN Union –It refers to the federation of India comprising 29 states and 7 union territories . 16. Land locked – a term often used for states and countries completely surrounded by land . 17. Suez canal –Opened in 1869 India s distance from Europe has been reduced by 7000 km . Q1 Name the group of islands lying in Arabian sea ? Ans. Lakshadweep islands . Q2 Name the countries which are larger than India ? Ans. Russia Canada USA ,China ,Brazil ,Australia . Q3 Which island group of India lies to its south ? Ans. Andaman and Nicobar island . Q4 Which island countries are our southern neighbors’? Ans. Sri Lanka and Maldives . Q5 The sun rises two hours earlier in Arunachal Pradesh as compared to Gujarat in the west but the watches show the same time .How does this happen? Ans. The earth takes 24hours to complete one rotation (3600)on its axis In other words the Earth rotates at a pace of 150per hour . As a longitudinal extent of India is about 300 longitudes ‘ the sun rises two hours earlier in the eastern most part of India i.e… Arunachal Pradesh than in western most part i.e. Gujarat but the watches show same time throughout the country .Every country observe its standard time otherwise there will be chaos and confusion . Q6 The central location of India at the head of Indian ocean is considered of great significance .Why ? Ans 1 Some thickly populated countries of world like china Japan south east Asia lies very close to us this enables to established trade an cultural relations with these countries. 2 Due to central location India occupies a strategic position and commercially favorable locations in respect of Africa Asia Australia . 3 India is also connected with Europe as well as North and South America though both the routes of Cape of good hopes and Suez canal . 4 Busy air route also passes through India connecting east south –east Asia on one hand and Europe and America on the other . Q7 Name the factors which make India a great country ? Ans. 1) loafty mountains and mighty rivers . 2) Rich natural economic and human resources. 3) Old rich unique civilizations and culture. 4) Large size of country . Q8 India has a important position on the globe .How? Ans. 01 India is situated in the realm of South Asia. 02 It is centrally located in relation to Asia Australia and Europe 03 It is more or less in triangular shape . Q9 Name two oceanic routes that connect India with Europe ? Ans. Suez canal and Cape of good hope . Q10 Give reason .Why? A) Ahmadabad will see sun over head twice in a year Ans. The sun shines overhead at noon twice a year at all the places which are situated between the equator and the Tropic of cancer , In the Northern hemisphere since Ahmadabad fall with in this limit, it sees the sun over head twice in the year . B) India is often referred to as Sub-continent ? Ans. India has all the characteristics which it sub –continent .It is separated from the rest of Asia by the Himalayas in the north and the three seas –Arabian sea , Bay of Bengal ,Indian ocean in south. C) The latitudinal and longitudinal extend of India is 300 but north- south extent is bigger than East –West extent .why? Ans. The latitudinal and longitudinal extent of India is 300 but in the terms of km the average distance of 10 latitude is about 111km which remains same every where but the distance of 10 longitude is about 111km at the equator and become zero at the poles .The east west distance is measured between 240and250 N latitude where the average distance of 10 longitude is about 100km .in km the latitudinal extent is 29X111=3200KM and longitudinal extent is 29X100=2900KM .Therefore there is difference of 300km in that . Q11 Why is 82030”E selected as standard meridian of India ? Ans. The earth in its own rotation covers 150of longitude in one hour .So, the place located on the different longitudes has different local times .In order to have a uniform system of finding time , world has been divided into 24 time zones .Each time zone is chosen standard meridian which must be in the multiple of 150or71/2 .Since 82030”E is a central longitude of India .It is selected as standard meridian and local time is IST of whole country . IST is 51/2 hours ahead of greenwhich mean time . Q12 What is latitudinal and longitudinal extent of India .Explain its importance? Ans. 1) Latitudinal extent influence duration of day and night . 2) Longitudinal extent influences time. 3) It gives at us understanding of climate and weather in different regions. 4) Latitudes and longitudes help to understand and locate the geographical location on glob pattern. Q14 India strategic location on the head of Indian ocean has helped her in a establishing land and many time contacts with the out side world in the ancient and medieval times. Explain? Ans. 01) In ancient time and medieval times the land and the seas played Important role in establishing contacts with the outside world . The central and strategic location of India on the head of India ocean was a great advantage .Countries of East Africa West Asia and South-East Asia could be reached through routes .Hence India , established close cultural and commercial contact with the countries. 02) The ancient silk route passed through India connected to East with West . 03) The interaction with the peoples of other countries and exchange of ideas and goods dates back of ancient time. 04) The ideas of Upnishads , the Ramayan the Mahabharta the stories of Panchtantra the Indian numerals and the decimal system could reach various parts of globe. 05) The spices Muslins and other merchandise were taken from India to different countries. 06) On the other hand the influences of Greek sculpture and the architectural styles of domes and minarets from West Asia can be seen in different parts of countries .